Sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) is the largest of the toothed whales. This is a life member of the genus Physeter, and one of three extant species in the sperm whale family, along with pygmy sperm whale and dwarf sperm whales of the genus Kogia. A marine mammals, it has the largest brain of animals. Its name comes from the milky-white substance candles, spermaseti, was found in a very large head.
An adult male can grow up to 20.5 meters (67 feet) in length, with his head representing up to one-third of the length of the animal. Whales feed primarily on squid and colossal monsters. Falls to 3 kilometers (9,800 ft) to its prey, it is the deepest diving mammal. Vocalization pressing, echolocation and communication forms, can be as hard as 230 decibels underwater, until a loud voice, produced by any animal.
Cosmopolitan sperm whales that live in the ocean in a group called social unit. Unit of women and their children live separately from adult male sexually. The girls are working together to protect and nurse their young. Females give birth every three to six years, and care for the calves for more than a decade. Live up to 70 years, mature sperm whale has few natural predators. Calves and adults with weakened taken by pod Orcas.
From the early 18th century through the 20's are the main target species of whale hunters. Head whale contains substances called "spermaceti", which is used in lubricants, oil lamps, and candles. Ambergris, waste products from the digestive system, still used as fiksatif in perfume. Sometimes the large size of sperm whales are allowed to defend themselves effectively against whale hunters. This species is now protected by law, and is currently listed as vulnerable by the IUCN
Sperm whale is the largest toothed whale, with adult-sized males up to 20.5 meters (67 feet) long and weighing up to 57,000 kilograms (56 tons long, 63 short tons). In contrast, the second largest toothed whale, Baird's beaked whales measuring 12.8 meters (42 feet) and weigh up to 15 tons short (14,000 kg). The Nantucket whaling Museum has a 5.5 meter (18 foot) long jaw. Museum claims that this individual is 80 feet (24 m) long, whale drown Essex (one of the incidents behind Moby-Dick) was charged with 85 feet (26 m). A similar measure was reported from the jaw bone from the British Museum of Natural History. A 67-foot specimens are also reported from the Soviet whaling fleet near the Kuril Islands in the summer of 1965. However, there are discrepancies regarding man claims that approaches or exceeds 80 feet (24 m) long.| Average sizes | Length | Weight |
|---|---|---|
| Bull | 16 metres (52 ft) | 41,000 kilograms (40 long tons; 45 short tons) |
| Cow | 11 metres (36 ft) | 14,000 kilograms (14 long tons; 15 short tons) |
| Newborn | 4 metres (13 ft) | 1,000 kilograms (0.98 long ton; 1.1 short tons) |
Extensive whaling may experience a decrease of their size, as the man who highly sought after, especially after World War II. Today, men are usually not more than 18.3 meters (60 feet) in length or 51,000 kilograms (50 tons long, 56 short tons) in weight. Another view states that exploitation by overwhaling has almost no effect on the size of a bull sperm whale, and their size may have really improved in the current time on the basis of density dependent effects.
This is one of the most sexually dimorphic from around the Cetacea. At birth both sexes are about the same size, but adult males are usually 30% to 50% longer and three times more likely to be female.
Unique body of sperm whales may not be puzzled with other species. Special form of sperm whale comes from a very large head, block-shaped, which can be one-quarter to one-third of the length of the animal. The S-shaped blowhole is located very close to the front of the head and shifted to the whale left. It gives a special heavy spray, advanced-elbow.
Sperm whale worms are round and very thick. Pope worm burdens lifted out of the water for diving from eating. It has a series of third knob on the back of the tail and not the shape of dorsal fin. Largest ridge called the 'hump' by whale hunters, and can be mistaken for dorsal fin because of its shape and size.
In contrast to the delicate skin of most large whales, the dorsal skin is usually wrinkled and has been likened to prune by whale-watching enthusiasts. Albinos also have been reported.
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